摘要 :
Past generations of electronic products have been constructed using relatively few (often just one) field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) surrounded by a collection of medium to l...
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Past generations of electronic products have been constructed using relatively few (often just one) field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC) surrounded by a collection of medium to large scale integration parts. Today, the new generations of electronic products are becoming increasingly complex. The specification, design, and simulation of this new generation of FPGA and ASIC based products places additional demands on computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems. FPGA and ASIC devices offer both high pin count and high internal logic density. Both of these features serve to increase the density and functionality of the products in which they are used; however, these features also detract from the ability to debug the final hardware with conventional techniques. Fine pitch parts with high pin counts present a great challenge to probing. The simulations done on individual designs address many of these concerns; however, when FPGA's and/or ASIC's make up a significant portion of the electronics assembly or when the interfaces between them are complicated, product level simulation becomes very important. This paper will describe the electronic product realization process that has evolved in Department 2335 at Sandia National Laboratories. Department 2335 is a hardware development group which works to support various system development departments. The customers for these electronics products are a group of system design and integration engineers who architect and implement the final system. The following phases of the design process are described in terms of an FPGA based product design; however, they are generally applicable to all types of electronic designs. This paper contains the bulk of the details of the design process which was utilized to develop the latest generation of electronic products.
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摘要 :
Parallel programmers do not use software tools, in spite of the fact that parallel application development is a difficult and time- consuming task that could benefit from tool support. It has become increasingly clear that the sim...
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Parallel programmers do not use software tools, in spite of the fact that parallel application development is a difficult and time- consuming task that could benefit from tool support. It has become increasingly clear that the simple availability of elegant, powerful software tools employing the latest technology is not enough. Usability is the real key to success; users simply do not adopt tools that fail to respond to their needs. Research in the area of usability engineering indicates that five design principles can have significant impact on parallel tool usability. (sm bullet) tools must be based on demonstrable user requirements (sm bullet) actively involve users throughout tool design (sm bullet) minimize tool complexity to reduce the learning curve (sm bullet) support the tool across multiple machine platforms to amortize the user's investment (sm bullet) employ iterative refinement techniques to improve tool usability. Those principles served as the starting point for a Parallel Tools Consortium project to develop a tool that will help users determine the final state of a program that crashes or is terminated forcibly. Carried out over a period of ten months, the project involved the collaboration of tool researchers, and implementors, and users. This report describes how user-centered design techniques were applied to ensure that the tool would provide simple, intuitive support for the programmer's task.
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摘要 :
Parallel programmers do not use software tools, in spite of the fact that parallel application development is a difficult and time- consuming task that could benefit from tool support. It has become increasingly clear that the sim...
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Parallel programmers do not use software tools, in spite of the fact that parallel application development is a difficult and time- consuming task that could benefit from tool support. It has become increasingly clear that the simple availability of elegant, powerful software tools employing the latest technology is not enough. Usability is the real key to success; users simply do not adopt tools that fail to respond to their needs. Research in the area of usability engineering indicates that five design principles can have significant impact on parallel tool usability. (sm bullet) tools must be based on demonstrable user requirements (sm bullet) actively involve users throughout tool design (sm bullet) minimize tool complexity to reduce the learning curve (sm bullet) support the tool across multiple machine platforms to amortize the user's investment (sm bullet) employ iterative refinement techniques to improve tool usability. Those principles served as the starting point for a Parallel Tools Consortium project to develop a tool that will help users determine the final state of a program that crashes or is terminated forcibly. Carried out over a period of ten months, the project involved the collaboration of tool researchers, and implementors, and users. This report describes how user-centered design techniques were applied to ensure that the tool would provide simple, intuitive support for the programmer's task.
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摘要 :
An application protocol is an information systems engineering view of a specific product. The view represents an agreement on the generic activities needed to design and fabricate the product the agreement on the information neede...
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An application protocol is an information systems engineering view of a specific product. The view represents an agreement on the generic activities needed to design and fabricate the product the agreement on the information needed to support those activities, and the specific constructs of a product data standard for use in transferring some or all of the information required. This application protocol describes the data for electrical and electronic products in terms of a product description standard called the Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES). More specifically, the Layered Electrical Product IGES Application Protocol (AP) specifies the mechanisms for defining and exchanging computer-models and their associated data for those products which have been designed in two dimensional geometry so as to be produced as a series of layers in IGES format. The AP defines the appropriateness of the data items for describing the geometry of the various parts of a product (shape and location), the connectivity, and the processing and material characteristics. Excluded is the behavioral requirements which the product was intended to satisfy, except as those requirements have been recorded as design rules or product testing requirements.
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摘要 :
An application protocol is an information systems engineering view of a specific product. The view represents an agreement on the generic activities needed to design and fabricate the product the agreement on the information neede...
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An application protocol is an information systems engineering view of a specific product. The view represents an agreement on the generic activities needed to design and fabricate the product the agreement on the information needed to support those activities, and the specific constructs of a product data standard for use in transferring some or all of the information required. This application protocol describes the data for electrical and electronic products in terms of a product description standard called the Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES). More specifically, the Layered Electrical Product IGES Application Protocol (AP) specifies the mechanisms for defining and exchanging computer-models and their associated data for those products which have been designed in two dimensional geometry so as to be produced as a series of layers in IGES format. The AP defines the appropriateness of the data items for describing the geometry of the various parts of a product (shape and location), the connectivity, and the processing and material characteristics. Excluded is the behavioral requirements which the product was intended to satisfy, except as those requirements have been recorded as design rules or product testing requirements.
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This paper describes a sensor system architecture suitable for application in systems intended for battery powered unattended use. The modularity concept addresses the logical interconnects between modules, the electrical intercon...
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This paper describes a sensor system architecture suitable for application in systems intended for battery powered unattended use. The modularity concept addresses the logical interconnects between modules, the electrical interconnects between modules, and a system for the generalization of data to permit modular processing.
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摘要 :
This paper describes a sensor system architecture suitable for application in systems intended for battery powered unattended use. The modularity concept addresses the logical interconnects between modules, the electrical intercon...
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This paper describes a sensor system architecture suitable for application in systems intended for battery powered unattended use. The modularity concept addresses the logical interconnects between modules, the electrical interconnects between modules, and a system for the generalization of data to permit modular processing.
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What type of analysis should be used to inform design when both the future organizational structure and the experimental simulation are tenuous? Neither the application of a qualitative process tracing method nor low-level quantit...
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What type of analysis should be used to inform design when both the future organizational structure and the experimental simulation are tenuous? Neither the application of a qualitative process tracing method nor low-level quantitative organizational designs are warranted. We hypothesized the analyses of high-level communication patterns in a role-playing exercise of a future organization structure would yield results that could both inform organizational design and shape iterative experimental designs. This study summarizes the comparison between communication patterns in an envisioned organizational structure and the actual patterns of information exchange of experienced military participants role-playing staff members in a future organizational design. The comparison between the hypothesized and actual communication performance indicated a different distribution of communication interaction from the expected. These results help guide both the future organizational concept as well as next iteration experiments.
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Design and construction of the world's largest vitrification facility for high level nuclear waste has been nearly completed at the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site. Equipment testing and calibration are currently bei...
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Design and construction of the world's largest vitrification facility for high level nuclear waste has been nearly completed at the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site. Equipment testing and calibration are currently being performed in preparation for the nonradioactive Chemical Runs in the late 1991. In 1993, the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) will begin producing 100 kg/hr of radioactive waste glass at 28 wt% waste oxide loading. This paper describes all phases of waste processing operations in DWPF and waste tank farms using the integrated flowsheet modeling approach. Particular emphases are given to recent developments in the DWPF processes and design.
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Design and construction of the world's largest vitrification facility for high level nuclear waste has been nearly completed at the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site. Equipment testing and calibration are currently bei...
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Design and construction of the world's largest vitrification facility for high level nuclear waste has been nearly completed at the US Department of Energy's Savannah River Site. Equipment testing and calibration are currently being performed in preparati ...
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